This publication discusses Supreme Court Labour Chamber Ruling No. 23/2025, handed down on 14 January 2025. This ruling upholds an appeal for the unification of doctrine filed by the company STRADIVARIUS ESPAÑA S.A. against the ruling handed down on 18… Read more

One of the decisive factors for the Spanish Supreme Court when tipping the balance in assessing the legality of evidence obtained with a potential violation of fundamental rights lies, perhaps surprisingly, in the subjective position of the agent who carried… Read more

Can Parliament, in the exercise of its investigative function, name the political perpetrators of a tragedy without violating their presumption of innocence or damaging their honor? The case of Manuel Azuaga, former president of AENA, reopens a relevant debate on… Read more

The very recent Judgment cited above, with a paper by the always suggestive Mr. Antonio del Moral, addresses three important aspects of the criminal liability of legal persons: i) the burden of proof regarding the effectiveness of Compliance models ii)… Read more

The Constitutional Court (hereinafter, CC) has dismissed the appeal filed by Banco Santander against the resolutions of the Council of Ministers which, in 2019, imposed a sanction of €1,056,000 on it as the successor to Banco Popular. The sanction arose… Read more